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The Myocardium Contraction is activated by a single nerve impulse. What is the name given to the node that acts as the 'pacemaker'?

• Sinoventricular
• Sionatrial
• Atrioventricular
• Semi Lunar

The four chambers of the heart are segergated by---------------- and seperated by---------------?

• Septum and Values
• Serum and Valves
• Bicuspid and Tricuspid
• Pulmonary and Aortic

Which statement about Arteries is NOT true?

• Muscular tubes lined by smooth muscle tissue
• Coronary artery supplies de-oxygenated blood to the myocardium (coronary circulation)
• Transport blood away from the heart
• Smaller branches are called arterioles

Which statement about Veins is NOT true?

• Muscular tubes lined by skeletal muscle tissue
• Generally less muscular than arteries
• Transport blood towards the heart (assisted by non-return values)
• Smaller branches are called venules

Which statement about capillaries is NOT true?

• Smallest of all the blood vessels (one cell thick)
• Allow for gaseous exchange (diffusion)
• Serve as the connection between the somatic and autonomic systems
• Allows nutrients, oxygen and fluids to pass into tissue, and carbon dioxide waste minerals and fluids to pass out

Which of the following is TRUE of the cardiovascular system?

• Carbon dioxide and nutrients are transported to the cells
• Carbon dioxide and waste products are required by the body
• Circulation of blood cools the body
• Circulation of blood which contains white blood cells to fight infection

Which statement about pulmonary circulation is TRUE?

• Deoxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungs
• Oxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungs
• Deoxygenated blood is transported from the lungs to the heart
• Pumps blood from the heart to the lungs under high pressure

Which statement about systemic circulation is TRUE?

• Oxgenated blood from the body tissues to the heart
• Deoxygenated blood from the body tissues to the heart
• Pumps blood under low pressure
• Predominantly the right side of the heart

Which two types of pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels makes up blood pressure

• Systemic and Pulmonary
• Systolic and Autonomic
• Somatic and Diastolic
• Systolic and Diastolic

Systolic or Systole is under maximum pressure when the heart---------------?

• Contracts
• Relaxes
• Refills
• Rests

Diastolic or Diastole is weakest when the heart---------------?

• Contracts
• Rests
• Relaxes and refills
• Tachycardia

Which statement about blood pressure is TRUE?

• Regular exercise, along with a positive active lifestyle, may increase blood pressure
• Chronic stress may lead to a decrease in blood pressure
• Abdominal obesity carries the greatest risk according to studies of developing (hypertension)
• Smoking causes vasodilation and may lead to a reduction in the elasticity of the arteries. Both factors will result in a increase in systolic blood pressure

Describe the passage of air through the respiratory tract?

• Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Pharynx, Larynx, Alveoli
• Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchioles, Bronchi, Alveoli
• Larynx, Pharynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Alveoli, Bronchiles
• Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli

Which of the following muscles is NOT used in inhalation (breathing in)?

• Internal intercostals
• Diaphragm
• Scalenes
• Sternocleidomastoid

Which of the following muscles is NOT used in exhalation (Breathing out)?

• Internal intercostals
• External/Internal obliques
• Rectus Abdomius
• Sternocleidomastoid

Which of the following is a lymphatic vessel in the lymphatic system?

• Left lymphatic duct
• Right lymphatic duct
• Cervical duct
• Lumbar Duct

Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic node?

• Occipital
• Popliteal
• Retinal
• Lnguinal

Which is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

• Remove excess tissue fluid and return it to the blood stream
• Filter fluids to help prevent infection of the blood and tissues
• Aid digestion via the absorption of lipids from the small intestine
• Gaseous exchange of oyxgen and carbon dioxide, which occurs in the lungs, between the alveoli and capillaries

Which statement is NOT True in reference to the structure of a lymph node?

• Bean or oval shaped
• Divided into compartments
• Have more blood vessels entering than leaving
• Speeds up flow of lymphocytes in removing pathogens

Which major lymph node is location in the 'crook of the elbow'?

• Occipital
• Popliteal
• Axillary
• Cubital

Which major lymph node is located in the 'groin'

• Occipital
• Popliteal
• Inguinal
• Axillary

Which major lymph node is located in the 'back of the neck (nape)'?

• Occipital
• Cubital
• Spleen
• Popliteal

Which chemical is responsible for food breakdown in the mouth?

• Protein emulsifying enzyme
• Salivary enzymes
• Persitalsis
• Bile

Describe the passage of food through the digestive system?

• Mouth, Stomach, Oesophagus, Small intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum
• Mouth, Stomach, Oesophagus, Large intestine, Small Intestine, Rectum
• Mouth, Oesophagus,, Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum
• Mouth, Oesophagus,, Stomach, Large intestine, Small Intestine, Rectum

Which is the main area of absorption of nutrients into the blood stream using enzymes produced by the liver, gall bladder and pancreas

• Stomach
• Oesophagus
• Small Intestine
• Large Intestine

Elimination of final waste products from digestion takes place where?

• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Large Intestine
• Rectum

Which part of the urinary system to filtrate waste from the blood and produce urine?

• Kidneys
• Ureter
• Bladder
• Urethra

Which part of the structure of the urinary system stores urine until its excreted?

• Kidneys
• Ureter
• Bladder
• Urethra

Which part of the urinary system has tubes through which urine leaves the kidneys and travels to the bladder

• Kidnesy
• Ureter
• Bladder
• Urethra

Which part of the structure of the urinary system carries urine from the bladder out of the body?

• Kidneys
• Ureter
• Bladder
• Urethra

Which statement is NOT true about sports massage?

• Mechnical pumping and squeezing action to assist in the flow of fluids
• Longitudinal and transverse stretching of soft tissue aids in mobility
• Reduces the influence of the formation of collagen fibres
• Specific techniques assist in the removal/reduction of any soft tissue adhesions and aid in free movement

Which is NOT a physiological and neurological effect of sports massage?

• Vasoilation to both blood and lymphatic vessels
• Vasoconstriction to both blood and lymphatic vessels
• Reduction in neural stimulation (contraction) of muscles
• Reduction in the production of sympathetic (stress) hormones

Which is a 'Sympathetic' response to the psychological effects of sports massage?

• Decrease adrenaline and endorphins in the body
• Decrease mental alertness
• Increase mental alertness
• Reduction in stimulation for the client in preparation for their activity

Which of the following is a 'Parasympathetic' response to the psychological effects of sports massage?

• Reduced levels of wellbeing
• Increase of physical tension
• Feeling of stress
• Lowering of anxiety

The human body has 6 levels of structural organisation. Which is the smallest?

• Chemical Level
• Cellular Level
• Tissue Level
• Organ Level

Which part of the structure of the human cell has the function of converting energy and production of ATP?

• Centrosome
• Golgi Apparatus
• Mitochondria
• Lysosomes

Which human tissue’s function is to secrete bodily products such as sebum, or hormones such as insulin?

• Epithelial Tissue
• Glandular Tissue
• Lymphoid Tissue
• Connective Tissue

The structure of the skin comprises of two parts. Which of the following parts are correct?

• Thermis & Epidermis.
• Dermis & Subcutaneous.
• Epidermis & Subcutaneous.
• Dermis & Epidermis.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

• Protection from infection and injury.
• Sensation by detecting temperature, pressure, touch and pain
• Excretion of sweat, which is 80% water and 20% salts.
• Secretion of sebum to lubricate and protect skin by making it acidic.

Can you identify the two major divisions of the skeleton from the answers below?

• Atlas & Axis.
• Axial & Atlas.
• Axis & Appendicular.
• Axial & Appendicular.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeleton?

• Storage.
• Production of hormones.
• Production of blood cells and platelets within the bone marrow.
• Shape/Structure.

Bones are made up of two different types of bone tissue?

• Compact Bone & Cancellous Bone.
• Cancellous Bone & Long Bone
• Compact Bone & Sesamoid Bone.
• Short Bone & Long Bone.

Which of the following is NOT a classification of bone?

• Irregular Bone.
• Flat Bone.
• Sesamoid Bone.
• Cancellous Bone

“Having a body which is longer than it is wide” describes which classification of bone?

• Short Bone
• Long Bone
• Flat Bone.
• Irregular Bone.

Within the structure of a long bone, what is the name given to bone shaft?

• Periosteum
• Epiphysis
• Diaphysis
• Articular Cartilage

What is the name given to the end of a long bone which forms the joint?

• Epiphyseal Plates
• Diaphysis
• Epiphysis.
• Medullary Cavity

What is the term used for the bone building cells?

• Osteoblast.
• Osteoclast.
• Osteocyte.
• Ossification.

Where does bone growth take place?

• Osteoclasts.
• Osteocyte
• Periosteum.
• Epiphyseal Plate.

Which of the following joint categories terms describes a slightly movable joint?

• Fibrous.
• Cartilaginous.
• Synovial.
• Articular Cartilage.

Which of the following is NOT a Synovial joint?

• Gliding.
• Hinge.
• Vertebrae
• Saddle

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